At IRLabs, we deliver state-of-the-art cryocooler solutions through our cutting-edge cryogen-free refrigeration systems. These advanced platforms provide precise temperature control and reliable cooling for demanding applications spanning scientific research, industrial processes, quantum computing, and advanced materials characterization.

What is a Cryocooler?

A cryocooler is a mechanical refrigeration device engineered to achieve and maintain ultra-low temperatures without requiring liquid cryogens such as liquid helium or liquid nitrogen. Unlike traditional cryogenic systems that depend on consumable cryogens, our cryogen-free refrigerators employ advanced closed-cycle cooling technologies—including pulse tube and Gifford-McMahon (GM) refrigerators—to deliver stable, precise temperature control from room temperature down to < 3K.

Switching from open-cycle to closed-cycle cooling marks a major advance in low-temperature research and industrial use, removing the costs and supply issues tied to liquid cryogens.

Core Cryocooler Applications

IRLabs cryocoolers serve critical functions across multiple sectors:

Scientific Research & Development

  • Quantum computing and qubit characterization
  • Condensed matter physics experiments
  • Superconducting device testing
  • Infrared detector calibration
  • Magnetic resonance and NMR spectroscopy
  • X-ray and particle detector cooling

Industrial & Commercial Applications

  • Semiconductor manufacturing and testing
  • Aerospace sensor systems
  • Medical imaging equipment (MRI, cryotherapy)
  • Telecommunications infrastructure
  • Materials science and metallurgy research
  • Cryogenic sample storage

Key Features of IRLabs Cryocoolers

High-Performance Cooling Architecture

Our cryocooler systems deliver exceptional thermal performance through precision-engineered components and advanced control systems:

Ultra-Low Temperature Capabilities

  • Intermediate temperature stages from 2K to 4K for general cryogenic applications
  • Customizable temperature platforms to match specific experimental requirements
  • Rapid cool-down times minimizing downtime between experiments

Unmatched Temperature Stability

  • Thermal stability within millikelvin ranges for sensitive measurements
  • Advanced PID control algorithms with programmable temperature profiles
  • Minimal temperature fluctuations ensuring reproducible experimental conditions
  • Real-time monitoring and data logging capabilities

Superior Cooling Power

  • High heat lift capacity at various temperature stages
  • Optimized for both steady-state and dynamic thermal loads
  • Scalable cooling power to accommodate diverse sample sizes and configurations

Cryogen-Free Technology Advantages

IRLabs’ cryogen-free refrigerators fundamentally transform laboratory operations by eliminating dependence on liquid cryogens:

Operational Cost Reduction

  • Elimination of recurring liquid helium or nitrogen purchases—particularly significant given helium supply constraints and price volatility
  • No boil-off losses or cryogen transfer inefficiencies
  • Reduced infrastructure requirements (no need for cryogen storage dewars or transfer systems)
  • Predictable, electricity-based operating costs enabling accurate budget forecasting

Enhanced Operational Reliability

  • Continuous operation independent of cryogen supply chains and delivery schedules
  • No interruptions due to cryogen depletion or supply shortages
  • Automated operation with minimal user intervention
  • Maintenance-free operation for extended periods (thousands of hours between service intervals)

Safety & Environmental Benefits

  • Elimination of asphyxiation hazards associated with cryogen use in confined spaces
  • No risk of cryogenic burns during cryogen handling
  • Reduced environmental impact through lower resource consumption
  • Compliance with increasingly stringent laboratory safety regulations

Simplified Logistics

  • Plug-and-play installation requiring only electrical power and cooling water (where applicable)
  • No specialized cryogen handling training required for operators
  • Easier laboratory planning and equipment relocation

Compact and Efficient Design

IRLabs cryocooler systems are engineered with space efficiency and energy performance as core design principles:

Space-Optimized Architecture

  • Compact footprint integrating cooling engines, vacuum systems, and control electronics
  • Vertical or horizontal mounting configurations to suit various laboratory layouts
  • Modular design enabling integration with existing experimental setups
  • Easy access to sample space and experimental insert mounting

Energy-Efficient Operation

  • Optimized thermodynamic cycles minimizing electrical power consumption
  • Variable-speed compressor operation adapting to thermal load conditions
  • High coefficient of performance (COP) relative to refrigeration capacity
  • Reduced heat rejection requirements simplifying facility cooling infrastructure

Advanced Vibration Management

  • Low-vibration pulse tube cryocoolers for vibration-sensitive measurements
  • Flexible vibration isolation mounting options
  • Remote compressor configurations minimizing vibrations at sample location
  • Vibration levels compatible with high-resolution microscopy and spectroscopy

Cryocooler Technical Specifications & Performance

IRLabs offers multiple cryocooler platforms optimized for different application requirements:

Temperature Range Coverage

  • Ultra-low temperature: 1.5K – 4K (pulse tube and GM cryocoolers)
  • Low temperature: 10K – 80K (single-stage cryocoolers)
  • Customizable multi-stage systems with intermediate temperature platforms

Cooling Capacity

  • Milliwatt to multi-watt cooling power at 4K, depending on system configuration
  • Higher cooling power at elevated temperatures (10K-100K range)
  • Multiple cooling stages supporting simultaneous experiments at different temperatures

System Integration Features

  • Standard vacuum flanges (CF, KF) for easy experimental integration
  • Multiple ports for electrical feedthroughs, optical access, and gas handling
  • Compatible with industry-standard temperature controllers and data acquisition systems

Why Choose IRLabs Cryocoolers?

Proven Reliability: With decades of experience in cryogenic systems, IRLabs delivers proven solutions backed by comprehensive technical support and application expertise.

Customization Capabilities: We work closely with researchers and engineers to configure systems meeting specific experimental requirements, from sample mounting geometries to specialized temperature profiles.

Comprehensive Support: Our team provides end-to-end support including system selection consultation, installation assistance, operator training, and responsive technical service throughout the product lifecycle.

Continuous Innovation: IRLabs invests in ongoing research and development to incorporate the latest advances in cryogenic technology, ensuring our customers have access to cutting-edge performance and capabilities.

Total Cost of Ownership: Cryogen-free systems may have a higher upfront cost than traditional bath cryostats, but they eliminate cryogen expenses and typically deliver a positive ROI within 1-3 years. Over their 10+ year lifespan, IRLabs systems continue to provide significant long-term cost savings.

Getting Started

Selecting the optimal cryocooler for your application requires careful consideration of temperature requirements, cooling capacity, sample size, measurement techniques, and integration constraints. IRLabs’ technical specialists are available to discuss your specific needs and recommend the most appropriate solution from our comprehensive product portfolio.

Contact IRLabs today to discover how our advanced cryogen-free cryocoolers can enhance your research capabilities, reduce operating costs, and provide the ultra-low temperature environment your applications demand.

Systems Decision Tree

Get started today—use this tool to select the right system for your application.

Contact Us Today

Get started on selecting the right system. Our systems decision tree will help you understand the possible configurations for your application. When you’re ready, contact us to discuss your project’s requirements.

Hybrid System

Gifford-McMahon (GM)
Refrigerators

Continuous uninterrupted operation as low as <3 K

GM closed cycle refrigeration systems are used when low temperatures are needed with a large heat load present.  These systems are typically larger and used for cooling optics plates, systems with large windows and systems that have electronics that dissipate large heat loads.  

Compared to Pulse Tube refrigerator systems GM systems are less expensive, cool larger heat loads, can be operated in any orientation but typically transmit more vibration to the cold work surface (on the order of 10-20 microns).  For this reason, we design our GM systems with bellows interfaces and other vibration dampening components.  

GM cryostats have radiation shields that are typically cooled to 50 K by the first stage of the refrigerator and the cold work surface is cooled to levels as low as 3 K  by the second. 

Applications:

  • Astronomical cameras
  • Cryogenic optics benches
  • Electronics/detector cooling

 Features:

  • Operating temperature range: as low as 3 K
  • Closed cycle operation 
  •  Unrestricted hold time 
  • Does not require LN2 or LHe 
  • Vibration isolation system 
  • Optional dewar carts with 360 degree rotation and support up to 1000 lbs. 
  • Highly customizable configuration 
Hybrid System

Pulse Tube
Refrigerators

Very low vibration continuous uninterrupted operation as low as 4 K

Pulse Tube Refrigerator systems are used when very low vibration is needed.  Like GM systems, Pulse Tubes are large refrigerators capable of cooling high heat loads although typically not as high as their GM counterparts. 

Pulse Tubes are used in similar applications such as cooling optics plates and detectors and should be considered when vibration at the cold plate must be kept at an absolute minimum.  Displacement at the cold plate can be limited to 1 micron or less.  The drawbacks of selecting a Pulse Tube are that they can only be efficiently operated vertical position and they are more costly compared to GM.    

Applications:

  • Cryogenic optics benches
  • Electronics/detector cooling
  • Specialize applications such as gravitational waves and dark energy science 

 Features:

  • Ultra-Low Vibration
  • Operating temperature range: as low as 4 K 
  • Closed cycle operation 
  • Unrestricted hold time 
  • Does not require LN2 or LHe 
  • Optional dewar carts with 360 degree rotation and support up to 1000 lbs 
  • Highly customizable configuration
Stirling Refrigerator

Stirling Refrigerators

Low vibration, reliable and flexible refrigerator systems operating as low as 40 K.

This cooling system provides continuous, efficient, cooling within the temperature range of 40 K to 293 K.

A Stirling refrigerator system consists of a cold head, controller and integrated cooling fan. The system is extremely simple to operate. Once the system is under vacuum the cooler is turned on and a setpoint temperature is maintained. The Stirling cooler is controlled through simple serial commands.

Applications:

  • CCD cooling
  • FPA cooling and testing
  • Any application that needs temperatures as low as 40 K without using LN2

Features:

  • Operating temperature range: 40 K to 293 K
  • Indefinite hold time
  • Does not require LN2 or LHe
  • Highly customizable configuration
  • Very compact system
  • No compressor, no gas lines, no water cooling needed
  • Easy to operate
Joule Thompson Refrigerator

Joule-Thompson (JT)
Refrigerators

Very low vibration, reliable and flexible refrigerator operating at 70 K to 293 K.

This cooling system provides continuous cooling within the temperature range of 70 K to 293 K. This system has very low vibration because there are no moving parts in the cold head.

The JT refrigerator system consists of a cold head, compressor, and two gas transfer lines. The compressor is designed for maintenance-free service with a mean time between failures of 100,000 hours.

Applications:

  • CCD cooling
  • FPA cooling and testing
  • Any application that needs temperatures down to 70 K without using LN2

Features:

  • Operating temperature range: 70 K to 293 K
  • Closed cycle operation
  • Indefinite hold time
  • Does not require LN2 or LHe
  • Low vibration cold head
  • Highly customizable configuration
  • Compact compressor uses standard power outlet, air cooled
  • Easy to operate
HE3 Closed Cycle System

He3 Refrigerator

Portable and efficient multistage cooling system operating at 0.29 K to 0.35 K

The H3R refrigerator is a multistage cooling system utilizing the properties of He3, a man-made isotope of helium. A 2-inch diameter LHe3 cooled work surface is sustained at a temperature of 300 mK. A pumped LHe4 cooled radiation shield surrounds the He3 chamber. The LHe4 work surface with an attached radiation shield can cool a variety of user-specified optical and mechanical components. A LN2 cooled radiation shield surrounds the LHe4 chamber.

The size of the He3 work surface is fixed at 2 inches. However, the diameter of the LHe4 surface ranges from 5 to 10 inches.

Applications: 

  • Sensitive IR and mm Wave bolometers

Features:

  • Operating temperature range: 0.29 K to 0.35 K 
  • Closed cycle
  • Portable operation 
  • 24 to 48 hour hold time 
  • 0.30K bolometers available 
  • Highly customizable configuration